Components can also dispatch events. To do so, they must create an event dispatcher. Update Inner.svelte:

<script>
  import { createEventDispatcher } from 'svelte';

  const dispatch = createEventDispatcher();

  function sayHello() {
    dispatch('message', {
      text: 'Hello!'
    });
  }
</script>

createEventDispatcher must be called when the component is first instantiated — you can't do it later inside e.g. a setTimeout callback. This links dispatch to the component instance.

Notice that the App component is listening to the messages dispatched by Inner component thanks to the on:message directive. This directive is an attribute prefixed with on: followed by the event name that we are dispatching (in this case, message).

Without this attribute, messages would still be dispatched, but the App would not react to it. You can try removing the on:message attribute and pressing the button again.

You can also try changing the event name to something else. For instance, change dispatch('message') to dispatch('myevent') in Inner.svelte and change the attribute name from on:message to on:myevent in the App.svelte component.